Posts tagged sky

Felix Baumgartner, the professional daredevil, became on Sunday the first sky diver to break the speed of sound.

Brian Utley of the FAI, the international federation that certifies aerospace records, told reporters at a news conference that according to a preliminary analysis, Mr. Baumgartner reached a maximum speed of 833.9 mph during his jump from more than 24 miles over the New Mexico desert. That is a speed of Mach 1.24.

Mr. Utley, who was here to independently evaluate data from Mr. Baumgartner’s suit, said the final figures might be slightly different after a thorough analysis of the data over the next several weeks, but that there was no doubt Mr. Baumgartner reached a record-breaking supersonic speed. 

The speed was even higher than what was predicted by Red Bull Stratos engineers. They had expected Mr. Baumgartner to reach perhaps 720 m.p.h., or Mach 1.1, in a region of the stratosphere where the speed of sound is close to 690 m.p.h. 

Mr. Utley found that the jump began from an altitude of 128,100 feet, or 24.2 miles, and that the free fall extended for 119,846 feet  both records.

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Boeing recently announced it successfully tracked and shot down an unmanned aerial vehicle with a laser weapon. Actually, it shot down five UAVs at various ranges with the trailer-mounted Mobile Active Targeting Resource for Integrated eXperiments (MATRIX).

Developed at the request of the Air Force Research Laboratory, MATRIX integrates with standard test-range radar, focusing a single energy beam on moving aerial vehicles and blasting them out of the sky. It’s the future of aerial seek and destroy, defending against always orbiting unmanned craft, and Boeing isn’t the only one testing this technology.

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On Sept. 10, 2009, NASA lit up the Utah sky with the initial full-scale, full-duration test firing of the first stage motor for the Ares I rocket. The 154-foot solid rocket motor produced heat two-thirds the temperature of the sun and its 12-foot-diameter cylinder delivered 3.6 million pounds of thrust.

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A lost parakeet in Japan was returned safely to its owner last week
after it told police its home address. Why do captive birds mimic
human speech, and how do they decide what to say?
 They’re trying to fit in with the flock, and they’ll say whatever it
takes. Parrots are among a handful of animal families that possess an
aptitude for vocal learning, meaning that they can form new sounds
based on experience.

In the wild, parrot flocks don’t talk like people, but they do seem
to develop distinct local dialects, and mated pairs may even sing
unique duets. This may allow them to keep untrustworthy newcomers
from joining their group…until the newcomer learns the language.
In one experiment, a group of parrots from one Costa Rican flock
was transplanted to a more northerly flock that showed different
vocalization patterns. About half flew right back home, but the rest
stayed and formed a sort of immigrant enclave with its own dialect.
One even learned the northern tongue and joined the locals.
 According to this theory, birds that are raised in captivity might mimic
their human owners as a way of gaining acceptance as a member of
the family. If they hear “pretty bird” a lot, they’ll interpret that as a
call distinct to their flock, and try making it themselves.
 Whether parrots can ever understand what they’re saying is still
debated. Researcher Irene Pepperberg trained an African Grey Parrot
named Alex some 100 human words, and the bird could identify
different objects by name. Skeptics have suggested that Alex’s abilities
might have been a product of the “Clever Hans” effect, in which an
animal gives correct responses based on its trainer’s body language.

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U.S, British and Mexican researchers say satellite tracking technology has uncovered feeding habitats and threats to a mysterious ocean giant, the manta ray. Conservationists from the Wildlife Conservation Society of New York, the University of Exeter in Britain and the government of Mexico have completed a ground-breaking study using satellite telemetry to track the open-ocean journeys of the world’s largest ray, which can grow up to 25 feet in width, the WCS reported Friday. The manta ray, listed as “vulnerable” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, has become increasingly threatened by fishing and accidental capture and now needs more protection, the researchers said. “Almost nothing is known about the movements and ecological needs of the manta ray, one of the ocean’s largest and least-known species,” said Rachel Graham, director of WCS’s Gulf and Caribbean Sharks and Rays Program. “Our real-time data illuminate the previously unseen world of this mythic fish and will help to shape management and conservation strategies for this species.” The research team attached satellite transmitters to six manta rays off the coast of Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula. “The satellite tag data revealed that some of the rays traveled more than 1,100 kilometers (680 miles) during the study period,” Matthew Witt of the University of Exeter’s Environment and Sustainability Institute said. “The rays spent most of their time traversing coastal areas plentiful in zooplankton and fish eggs from spawning events.” Manta rays are declining in the Caribbean and in other tropical regions of the world’s oceans because they are captured for shark bait or for use in the traditional Chinese medicinal trade, researchers said.

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There’s more to the cosmos than meets the eye. About 80 percent of the matter in the universe is invisible to telescopes, yet its gravitational influence is manifest in the orbital speeds of stars around galaxies and in the motions of clusters of galaxies. Yet, despite decades of effort, no one knows what this “dark matter” really is. Many scientists think it’s likely that the mystery will be solved with the discovery of new kinds of subatomic particles, types necessarily different from those composing atoms of the ordinary matter all around us. The search to detect and identify these particles is underway in experiments both around the globe and above it.

Scientists working with data from NASA’s Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope have looked for signals from some of these hypothetical particles by zeroing in on 10 small, faint galaxies that orbit our own. Although no signals have been detected, a novel analysis technique applied to two years of data from the observatory’s Large Area Telescope (LAT) has essentially eliminated these particle candidates for the first time.

WIMPs, or Weakly Interacting Massive Particles, represent a favored class of dark matter candidates. Some WIMPs may mutually annihilate when pairs of them interact, a process expected to produce gamma rays — the most energetic form of light — that the LAT is designed to detect.

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A real-world demonstration of a thought experiment conducted at the University of Vienna, has produced a result that is somewhat befuddling to people with what the lead researcher calls a “naïve classical world view.” Two pairs of particles are either quantum-entangled or not. One person makes the decision as to whether to entangle them or not, and another pair of people measure the particles to see whether they’re entangled or not.

The head-scratcher is: the measurement is made before the decision is made, and it is accurate. “Classical correlations can be decided after they are measured,” says Xiao-song Ma, the writer of the study. Entanglement can be created “after the entangled particles have been measured and may no longer exist.”

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